NASA finds new evidence of ice in Mercury's polar craters

While the Mars Curiosity rover has garnered most of our space-gazing attention lately, another of NASA's spacecraft has made quite a momentous discovery on an entirely different planet. The Messenger space probe (which stands for MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging) has found new evidence for ice on Mercury, which is surprising given its proximity to the sun. Thanks to a subtly tilted axis, many of the planet's polar craters never see the light of day, and can dip to temperatures as low as minus 370 Fahrenheit. Indeed, scientists claim there's 100 billion to 1 trillion tons of ice on Mercury -- David Lawrence, a Messenger participating scientist, said that "if spread over an area the size of Washington, D.C., [the ice] would be more than two miles thick." The Messenger, which only started orbiting Mercury last year, helped confirm scientists' conclusions by capturing detailed images of the planet's surface, measuring the craters' reflectivity and utilizing a neutron spectrometer that discovered the presence of excess hydrogen. Scientists even found slightly warmer regions on Mercury that might be temperate enough for, well, a colony: "People joke about it, but it's not so crazy, really," said David A. Paige, a UCLA professor quoted in the New York Times. Of course, this is assuming we don't boil or freeze to death on our way there. For more information about the find, check out the press release below.

Continue reading NASA finds new evidence of ice in Mercury's polar craters

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Source: John Hopkins University APL, New York Times, NASA

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/fEhOAc7155s/

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No charges against Chris Brown in Fla. phone grab

MIAMI (AP) ? Grammy-winning singer Chris Brown will not face criminal charges for snatching a woman's cellphone when she tried to snap a photo of him outside a Miami Beach club, prosecutors said Friday.

A memo released Friday by Miami-Dade County State Attorney Katherine Fernandez Rundle concludes there is no evidence that Brown intended to steal the phone in February or that he deleted any photos. One or the other is necessary for him to be charged with robbery or theft.

Prosecutors said that Brown tossed the phone from his limo and that it was picked up by Devon Blanche, head of security for rapper Tyga, who had performed with Brown at the Cameo club that night. According to the memo, Blanche tried to find out if someone had lost the phone, ultimately took it with him to Atlanta during the rapper's tour and said he intended to find its owner.

A felony charge against Brown, 24, might have triggered a violation of his probation for his 2009 assault on singer Rihanna, who was his girlfriend at the time. The two have recently collaborated on a new duet, "Nobody's Business," and have been spotted out together in recent weeks.

Rundle said the investigation's findings would be forwarded to probation officials in Los Angeles for review.

"We are grateful for the decision and the thorough investigation," Brown's attorney Mark Geragos said in an email.

According to the memo, after Brown and Tyga ? real name Michael Stevenson ? finished their performances, both got into separate limos to head for their hotels. Witnesses told prosecutors about 30 female fans gathered outside Brown's vehicle, at least one of whom reached inside to take a photo. Brown was accompanied by at least two women in the limo.

Stevenson told prosecutors that he saw Brown throw a white cellphone out of the limo. The phone's owner, Christal Spann, said Brown used a derogatory term for women and said "this will not run the website" when he grabbed the phone. Spann began beating on the limo's windows, according to the memo, until someone in a front seat told her the phone had been tossed out. She could not find it, however.

"She used to be a fan of Brown's, but no longer," the memo notes of Spann.

Blanche, the security man, told investigators he thought Brown was upset because "if photographs of himself with two females got out, it might cause him problems with Rihanna."

___

Follow Curt Anderson on Twitter: http://twitter.com/Miamicurt

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/no-charges-against-chris-brown-fla-phone-grab-191545785.html

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98% Brooklyn Castle

All Critics (43) | Top Critics (20) | Fresh (42) | Rotten (1)

"Brooklyn Castle" easily checkmates your inner cynic.

Katie Dellamaggiore's lively and affecting documentary introduces us to a cast of characters that's very winning (in both senses of the word).

It's not To Sir, With Love: It's fierce ambition, the channeling of emotion, and hours of drilling.

Enlightening, inspiring and expertly crafted.

An irresistibly uplifting doc.

Castle is suspenseful, funny and, particularly in its depiction of the challenging home lives of some of the kids, moving.

...provides a corrective to the popular image of American schools as obsessed with sports and popularity, and it makes the strongest possible case for funding after-school activities.

Chess, brilliant young students and great teachers potent mix.

The I.S. 318 team? A delightfully motley, vulnerable, multicultural bunch, whose addiction to chess has allowed them higher aspirations for top high schools and, eventually, college and careers. You will root for them like crazy.

We meet five of the team's members and several of their teachers; by its end, you'll be rooting for them all.

"BROOKLYN CASTLE is a compelling, engaging and inspiring Documentary, featuring Junior High kids that you can relate to. Even if you don't know the game of Chess all too well, it won't stop you from enjoying this pleasant film."

Brooklyn Castle provides a snapshot of indomitable American can-do attitude, and gives one hope.

The admirable Brooklyn Castle transcends its formula to become an optimistic look at extracurricular education and young people.

Great story, well-made, what's not to like?

It's clear that chess isn't just a game; for these students, it can also open doors.

The film's structure is routine, but the film doesn't sidestep its more serious issues, while its charming subjects make it a winner both on and off the chessboard.

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Source: http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/brooklyn_castle_2012/

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Top 10 Best Video Games: Holiday Season 2012 ? All My Faves ...

Posted on Friday, November 30th, 2012 by Uri Halevi

Trying to follow a?$67 billion video game industry is not an easy task. This is the only guide you?ll ever need for a clear and unbiased reviews of all the newest and most exciting video games the market has to offer.

Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 or Wii U?

Before you run and buy a video game as a Christmas present for your teen aged boy (or Immature Boyfriend? or Infantile Husband? ) you must stop for a second and ponder which video game console do they have? Each console has it?s distinguished video games titles ( and some games are good for all the brands?). Purchasing a video game that your loved one can?t play is brutal, so though the surprise will be ruined, ask them! Better safe then sorry. If you plan to accompany the video game with a brand new console though, here is a link that will help you decide which brand will meet your goals.

Alpha Male Games

Aggression is something that has to be channeled. The good people of the gaming industry are constantly happy to provide us with ways to express our dark desires in creative ways. These are our top three high tempo action games, one for each timeline period: Future, Present and past. What is your weapon of choice?

1. Halo 4 ? The Future:

Halo is one of the world?s most popular action games, and is xBox360?s best seller since it was first lunched on 2001. On this long-awaited release the fate of the universe lies again on the muscular shoulders of Master Chief, the ultimate green-armored soldier, who wakes from his icing to find out that since the last time he was summoned to save the world, things actually got worse. If you always wished you could fight alongside other Spartans or fly a Pelican, on Halo 4 you will have the chance. Non-stop action, gorgeous graphics, awesome game-play and lots of new exciting features makes Halo 4 a must for this year?s wishlist of any?xBox360 owner.

2. Call of Duty: Black Ops II ? The Present:

Much like it?s predecessors, Call of Duty: Black Ops II has a familiar campaign of realistic and current special forces gaming. Still, the COD team was not too over confident with the games past success and worked hard in delivering great new features such as squad-based strategy missions and a plotline that branches according to a few key decisions, more customization options than ever before and a nice twist with the Zombie Mode feature that allows up to four players to engage a series of maps in which the main objective is to survive against the undead horde. COD Black Ops II can be played on most consoles and always guarantees a good time, especially in it?s online?multiplayer mode.

3. ASSASSIN?S CREED 3 ? The Past:

After three long? years of anticipation Assassin?s Creed 3 is finally here and as we discovered, was worth the wait. You will join Connor,?a half Native Indian ? half British Assassin,? back in the time when the American Revolution took place. Using various 18th century weaponry such as your default Native Indian Tomahawk, bow and arrow, the most inventive rope dart and more to eliminate all those who stand in your people?s road to happiness? On Assassin?s Creed 3 Connor can take control of a ship and take on his enemies on the high-seas, run through the trees plus you will find a useful tutorial system that will help you get started and then improve on the areas where you?re weakest. The game has both great and vast game plots along with the Assassin?s Creed?s famous multiplayer mode and is good for all the consoles including the WiiU.

Sports All Stars!

Aside from killing things, sports games are ever popular for gamers of all ages. Due to the fact that preferred sports are a subjective issue, we chose our (or should I say my?:) ) personal favorites. All My Faves proudly presents, Our All Stars:

?

4. Madden NFL 13

Madden NFL 13 is the ultimate Football game. Year after year the EA Sports manage to reinvent Football gaming and this year?s version has topped all of it?s predecessors. EA simplified the games interface, introducing a one hub screen that shows you how many players are online and provides you with quick access to your communities and game careers. With great features such as receiver icons that change depending on the player?s regard, new pass trajectories so you can put the ball out in front or just above the receiver and more. The most significant innovation is the Infinity Engine which adds physics to Madden for the first time. The Infinity Engine makes every hit a little bit different so every tackle is a bit different, bodies colliding in a mid air move etc. The?result is the most realistic Madden so far. Get it!

5. NBA 2K13

Putting aside Marketing gimmicks like Justin Bieber?s part of the celebrity team and the fact that Jay Z is it?s executive producer, NBA 2k13 is without a question the best Basketball video game on the market. Aside from the usual NBA 2k amazing graphics this one has a new and improved right thumbstick-based Dribble Stick that allows you to make some awesome ankle breaker moves. The MyPlayer feature has taken on a slightly more personal, RPG-like role, where your custom baller participates in the rookie game, engages in inner team politics and address the media. Most importantly you can finally find out which team has the upper hand: the 2012 gold medal-winning Team USA basketball squad or the original 1992 Dream Team. On top of everything, if you have a Xbox 360 console, the NBA 2k13 Kinect voice support is awesome, allowing you to call your substitutions off the bench with a simple command.

6. FIFA Soccer 13

With Soccer?s popularity soaring in the U.S it?s video games are?permanent residents on the bestsellers lists. FIFA Soccer 13 is an addictive, fun and skillful game that will offer you a lot of joy and challenge. Though this years version isnt as inovative as the one last year, there still is a long list of improvements such as enhanced physics, better AI (both offensively and defensively), player physicality, a better defending system, a tweaked Ultimate Team mode, a new Skill Games mode and more. The most notable improvement is in the dribbling system, which have been inspired by the work done on FIFA Street, allowing you to swirl the ball around a player?s feet, tease defenders and humiliate your opponents. Also? they added skill games that makes the loading screens an enjoyable place to be. EA even added funny new contextual animations like players recovering from challenges and react in situations as they would in real life and the result is the best Soccer game around.

Other stuff?

Believe it or not, video games has more to offer then first-person killing actions games and sports? Closing our list are the most notable of these bunch, enjoy!

?

7. Need for Speed Most Wanted

If driving, racing, and eluding the police sounds to you like a fun way to spend the holidays, Need for Speed Most Wanted is the game for you. The game is brilliantly executed with high quality graphics and realistic affects such as getting sun blinded when you emerge a tunnel and flecks of dirt that cling the screen when you are going off road, and generally great looking surrounding graphics. your goal is to become the most notorious illegal race driver in the city. On your way toward becoming?infamous you need to break the law as much as you can by setting off speed cameras, bursting through billboards, evading the police and off course, entering street races. By being a bad donkey (the British term?) you score Speed Points that allows you to upgrade your cars. Your heat level determines just how much effort the police are putting into bringing you down, with faster cars and even call in SWAT teams to get you.?Need for Speed Most Wanted is a fun, up tempo and accelerating game that will keep your adrenalin level high.

8. LEGO Lord of the Rings

As a big Tolkien fan I was thrilled to hear about their latest game: LEGO Lord of the Rings. The game is based on?Peter Jackson?s successful film trilogy and every?dialogue and?strand of music on the game is taken from it. The game is great fun for the film?s fans but will also appeal to others who likes games with exploration, collection, lots of combat and puzzle-solving. The game was made for kids and is not very challenging but?the interface is extremely well designed, offering an interactive guided tour through three incredible films and relives all of the most memorable moments from them. Relive the epic moments like the swarming mass of orcs at Helm?s Deep and Gandalf?s battle with the Balrog in a mix of Tolkien?s vast and amazing Middle-Earth and LEGO?s cute playfulness. It might not be the best video game out there but it?s definitely my favorite this year.

9. New Super Mario Bros. U

It?s almost a modern tradition to welcome Christmas with a new Mario game? This year, Nintendo introduces the New Super Mario Bros. U as it?s first version of Mario designed for their Wii U and its multiple screens. The general feeling of it is that this time they really manages to capture the sense of carefree adventure of the old Mario games, the game contains a significant amount of challenge, both within its story mode and outside of it. You can really feel that the design team regards Super Mario World with as much affection as those of us who grew up with it. With nice features like collectable items, roaming enemies that must be defeated, secret items, alternate paths and extreme boss fights that occur within their own context, New Super Mario Bros. U is bound to provide you with good time. If you wish to test your ability, the Challenge Mode is the place for you: It places you on narrow platforms with enemies hurling projectiles at you, simply seeing how long you can survive, forces you to traverse an entire level without killing an enemy, not touching the ground and more. So do you need more encouraging? A New Super Mario Bros. awaits, go get it!

10. World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria

Writing a video games blog, I couldn?t ignore the World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria release. WoW is a phenomenon, it broke all selling records and redefined online gaming worldwide, so when an?expansion is released its worth a review! Nice features like an added Monk class that can be played as a tank, damage dealer or healer, the ancient China themed continent of Pandaria and the Pandaren race, participating in pet battles (an optional Monsuno-like combat system), Mounted quests and most importantly: you can level up to level 90!? Four dungeons unlock as you level up from 85, with big fights engaging towering bosses who exhibit unique attack patterns and challenge modes for Pandaria?s dungeons, where groups can race to knock down bosses and post clear times to online leaderboards and claim rewards. Blizzard included Scenarios, a more forgiving type of instanced content built for three players. The PvP is as always on WoW, exquisite. Mists of Pandaria?s PvP is expanded with two Battlegrounds, both of which feature well-designed game modes that feel very different and provide plenty of tactical depth.

Our Part is Done!

Now its your turn! You have a list to select from, all that is left is for you is to decide which of the games we suggested is most suited for your loved ones? And if you will treat yourselves with a game or two, we promise not to tell anyone? enjoy!

?

?

?

AllMyFaves, games, Top 10, video

? Weekend Games: Top 10 Free Online Games of the Week!??|??

Source: http://www.allmyfaves.com/blog/allmyfaves/top-10-best-video-games-holiday-season-2012/

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Google Play Narrowing The Gap On iOS For Mobile Revenue, But iOS Still Brings In 4X The Money

According to a new report from mobile app analytics firm App Annie, Google's Play software store is gaining on rival Apple's iOS app marketplace. The revenue gulf between the two stores is often cited as a reason why Apple is able to attract more top-tier developers and quality titles, so a lessening of the gap between the two in that respect is particularly significant.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/jkCduJhXgXE/

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Feel Rich Presents A Free Baby Shower for New and Expecting ...

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Source: http://www.stylemagazine.com/feel-rich-presents-a-free-baby-shower-for-new-and-expecting-moms-and-family-members/

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5 Online Reputation Management Tools to Help You Preserve Your ...

Web 2.0 has revolutionized the way news is created nowadays and the way it?s shared across the Web?s communities. Sometimes, it takes just one tweet for a piece of news to spread like wildfire.

Now, what if that wildfire involved your brand? And what if you found out too late? To be prepared for situations like these and to be able to deal with them effectively, it?s important to be familiar with the basics of online reputation management.

Handling your brand?s reputation on the Internet usually includes:

• daily tracking of online news and social conversations about your brand;
• joining discussions that could hurt your business;
• promoting positive sentiment about your brand;
• being active at social networks on behalf of your company.

However, doing all these tasks on a daily basis by hand sounds a bit of a formidable job. Luckily, there are online reputation management tools one can use to always stay on top of what people are saying about their brand and act on those conversations, if necessary.

1. Google Alerts

Google Alerts is probably the first and the simplest online tool that comes to mind when you think about reputation management. It allows you to create an alert for a particular search term (your company?s name, the name of your product, the name of your CEO, etc.) and receive notifications to your email each time the keyword is mentioned on the Web.

Google Alerts also allows you to use advanced search options:

• You can use quotes to avoid getting alerted for synonyms/auto-corrected words:

?Natalie Portmanteau? (so that Google doesn?t automatically change it to ?Natalie Portman?)

• You can exclude mentions that are most likely not what you need:

doors -band

• You can get? alerts for mentions occurring at particular websites:

Business2Community site:twitter.com

2. Google Discussions

Another great tool to use for online reputation management is Google Discussions. Unlike Google Web search, Google Discussions lets you discover relevant conversations happening specifically at blogs and forums.

When using Google Discussions, you can also resort to Google?s Search tools to refine the results you get. For instance, go to All Discussions and choose Forums (to get the results from forums only) or Q&As (to get the results only from Q&A sites only). Besides, by clicking All time, you can choose to see conversations that were added in the past hour, in the past 24 hours, in the past week/month or year.

Why use Google Discussions? Whenever a scandalous piece of news about your brand goes out on the Internet, forums and blogs are likely to pick it up. So, by locating such conversations early on, you can join them just in time to provide your side of the story. For instance, this is what Dan Thies did when a negative SEO attack on his site was being discussed at TrafficPlanet.

3. SocialMention

SocialMention is another handy tool you can use to keep track of what?s being said about your company online. In addition to providing links to different social posts mentioning your company, it also shows you the keywords frequently used in those posts and estimates the overall sentiment those mentions have.

Besides, SocialMention apparently lets you create email alerts for your keywords. However, when I tried to do it, the service said that the feature was temporarily unavailable, and that it would be back in about a week.

4. Whos Talking

Whos Talking is a service that is similar in its functionality to SocialMention. It helps you find online conversations, images, videos and other content that is relevant to the keywords you provide.

What?s inconvenient about Whos Talking, though, is that it lets you see only one type of mentions at a time. For example, you can see a feed that only contains Twitter mentions. If you want to see your Facebook mentions, you have to switch to another feed.

5. BuzzBundle

BuzzBundle is a multi-platform dashboard, using which you can track brand-related social mentions in real time. The software also lets you reply to individual posts right from the dashboard, retweet tweets, send direct messages, and more.

Besides, you can log in to your social accounts via BuzzBundle and see your self-published posts in a separate stream. The SMM tool also lets you add important conversations to favorites and browse your favorites in a separate workspace.

Best practices of using BuzzBundle to manage online reputation have been put together into a comprehensive Online Reputation Management Guide. It shows how one can effectively create and sustain positive online sentiment for their brand with the help of BuzzBundle.

Bottom Line

Keeping track of what people say about your brand on the Web is an important part of any online promo campaign. However, the number of social networks has become so big these days that it?s virtually impossible to stay on top of things without resorting to any tools.

One can use the 5 social media management tools I just mentioned separately or in combination with one another. Either way, the software is bound to reduce the amount of time you spend managing online reputation for your brand and help you reach larger audiences with your social media promotional efforts.

Image credit: kzenon via iStockphoto

Source: http://www.business2community.com/social-media/5-online-reputation-management-tools-to-help-you-preserve-your-companys-good-name-0345130

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PopSLATE: Get Your iPhone 5 a Second Screen!

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2012/11/popslate-giving-your-iphone-5-a-second-screen/

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Animal Logic Named Arts and Entertainment Exporter of the Year ...

By philsandberg on Nov 30, 2012 in Australia, Awards, Post Production |

After winning the 2012 NSW Export Award in Arts and Entertainment in October this year, Animal Logic announced it has taken out the country?s top entertainment and arts export honours at the 50th Australian Export Awards National Ceremony in Canberra this week.
The Australian Trade Commission (Austrade) in association with the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI) presented the Australia Network Arts and Entertainment Exporter of the Year Award, which is given for outstanding export achievement across all cultural industries including the arts, performing arts, electronic and on-line entertainment.
Animal Logic was given the accolade for its growing success as an independent Australian producer of digital entertainment for global markets. The company, which was established in 1991 has been responsible for creating iconic imagery in films like The Matrix, Moulin Rouge, House of Flying Daggers, Happy Feet, 300, LEGO Star Wars: The Padawan Menace as well as award winning international advertising campaigns.
?Animal Logic CEO Zareh Nalbandian said, ?This award is a great credit to the incredible technical and creative talent and artistry at Animal Logic. Everyone from our producers to our CTO is committed to innovation, efficiency and the pursuit of excellence which is the fundamental under pinning of our success.?
The company?s CFO Rob Cornish said, ?Our industry is hyper competitive, with major external factors to contend with, such as our inflated Australian dollar and increasingly aggressive tax incentives in jurisdictions all around the world. It?s a real honour to be recognized for our continued achievements in this tough environment.?
Visit http://www.animallogic.com

Source: http://www.content-technology.com/asiapacificnews/?p=3792

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Wis. on pace to set export record for year

MADISON, Wis. (AP) ? The Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation says Wisconsin is on pace to set a record for state exports this year.

Through the first three quarters of 2012, Wisconsin businesses exported $17.4 billion worth of products.

Lora Klenke, vice president of International Development with WEDC, says if exports continue to grow at this pace during the final quarter, they would total $23.5 billion. That would break last year's record of $22 billion.

Wisconsin exports during the first three quarters of 2012 grew faster than total U.S. exports. Wisconsin exported 6.4 percent more in the first three quarters of 2012 than in 2011, compared with 5 percent growth for the United States during the same period.

The top three markets for Wisconsin exports from January through September 2012 were Canada, Mexico and China.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/wis-pace-set-export-record-211834759--finance.html

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11.29.12 Starz/Encore Premium Channels | Orbitel Communications

Starz/Encore has confirmed to Orbitel Communications on Thursday, November 29, that they have had an outage that has taken down all their Starz feeds, including the Encore services. They are working to restore the network feeds as soon as possible, but are unable to provide a time estimate as to when service will be restored. The Starz/Encore offices have also lost phone and Internet service, so updates on their progress may be sporadic. We will share any updates as provided by Starz/Encore.

Orbitel Communications is a locally based broadband communications company providing cable TV, high speed internet, and digital telephone services to the residents and businesses of Maricopa. For more information contact Orbitel by phone at 520-568-8890, on the web at?OrbitelCom.com, or in person at their offices in the Bashas? Shopping Center.

This entry was posted in Uncategorized. Bookmark the permalink.

Source: http://www.orbitelcom.com/uncategorized/11-29-12-starzencore-premium-channels/

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Male student gang-raped by muslim youth for cross-dressing. University: "Don't cross dress. You'll provoke it"

It's unclear from this story precisely what the response of the uni was. The headline states that dressing in drag has been banned (which may or may not include cross-dressing), yet the story only references them stating that doing so might provoke certain elements. Perhaps the statement could be clearer, I don't know without more complete information. However, they have an obligation to try to protect the safety of their students, regardless of the cause of the threat to their safety. At many colleges, women are advised not to walk to isolated parking facilities or home without company or escort at certain hours. This isn't blaming them for doing so if they should be assaulted in that event, but alerting them to a tangible danger in the community, and what they can do to minimize their risk.

I'm not suggesting this is all to this complex issue or their response to it, just that there are valid reasons for a uni issuing such warnings beyond inappropriate moralizing.

ps. Please shorten your thread titles.

Source: http://atheistforums.org/thread-15876.html

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Video: More Fed Stimulus Ahead?

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Source: http://video.msnbc.msn.com/cnbc/50019453/

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White House, Congress talk as 'fiscal cliff' nears

House Speaker John Boehner Ohio, left, talks with House Majority Leader Eric Cantor of Va., on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Nov. 28, 2012, during a news conference following a closed strategy session. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)

House Speaker John Boehner Ohio, left, talks with House Majority Leader Eric Cantor of Va., on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Nov. 28, 2012, during a news conference following a closed strategy session. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)

President Barack Obama gestures as he speaks in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, on the White House campus in Washington, Wednesday, Nov. 28, 2012, about how middle class Americans would see their taxes go up if Congress fails to act to extend the middle class tax cuts. The president said he believes that members of both parties can reach a framework on a debt-cutting deal before Christmas. (AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais)

WASHINGTON (AP) ? An end of the year deadline rapidly approaching, President Barack Obama and Republican House Speaker John Boehner conferred briefly Wednesday night on how to avert the economy-rattling "fiscal cliff," their first one-on-one discussion in five days.

Obama and Boehner's 15-minute phone call came amid increasing anxiety that the White House and top Republicans are wasting time needed to negotiate a way out of a series of tax increases and spending cuts due to begin in January. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner and senior White House aide Rob Nabors were also to visit separately Thursday with the four leaders of the House and Senate.

There has been little evident progress in negotiations between the two sides. Republicans complain that the White House is slow-walking the talks and has yet to provide specifics on how Obama would curb the rapid growth of benefit programs like Medicare and Medicaid.

"We have not seen any good-faith effort on the part of this administration to talk about the real problem that we're trying to fix," said House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, R-Va.

Obama is mounting a public campaign to build support and leverage in the negotiations, appearing at the White House with middle-class taxpayers and launching a campaign on Twitter to bolster his position.

"Right now, as we speak, Congress can pass a law that would prevent a tax hike on the first $250,000 of everybody's income," Obama said. "And that means that 98 percent of Americans and 97 percent of small businesses wouldn't see their income taxes go up by a single dime."

Obama is insisting that tax rates go up on family income exceeding $250,000; Boehner is adamant that any new tax revenues come from overhauling the tax code, clearing out tax breaks and lowering rates for all.

Republicans are also demanding significant cuts to so-called entitlement programs like Medicare, such as an increase in the eligibility age for the program from 65 to perhaps 67.

"It's time for the president and Democrats to get serious about the spending problem that our country has," Boehner said at a news conference Wednesday in the Capitol. Boehner, like Obama, expressed optimism that a deal could be reached.

At issue are steep, across-the-board cuts to the Pentagon and domestic programs set to strike the economy in January as well as the expiration of Bush-era tax cuts on income, investments, married couples and families with children. That combination of tax increases and spending cuts would wring more than half a trillion dollars from the economy in the first nine months of next year, according to the Congressional Budget Office.

No one anticipates a stalemate lasting that long, but many experts worry that even allowing the spending cuts and tax increases for a relatively brief period could rattle financial markets.

From their public statements, Obama and Boehner appear at an impasse over raising the two top tax rates from 33 percent and 35 percent to 36 percent and 39.6 percent. Democrats seem confident that Boehner ultimately will have to crumble, but Obama has a lot at stake as well, including a clear agenda for priorities like an overhaul of the nation's immigration laws.

Obama is also meeting privately Thursday with his defeated Republican rival Mitt Romney. The president has cast his victory over Romney as a sign that Americans back his tax proposals, which were a centerpiece of his re-election campaign.

While in Washington, Romney will also meet with his former running mate, Rep. Paul Ryan. The Wisconsin congressman is chairman of the House Budget Committee and deeply involved in the fiscal cliff discussions.

___

Associated Press writer Julie Pace contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2012-11-29-Fiscal%20Cliff/id-824b4c31cc9647838c5433f6a666ad9d

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Oceanic crust breakthrough: Solving a magma mystery

ScienceDaily (Nov. 29, 2012) ? Oceanic crust covers two-thirds of Earth's solid surface, but scientists still don't entirely understand the process by which it is made. Analysis of more than 600 samples of oceanic crust by a team including Carnegie's Frances Jenner reveals a systemic pattern that alters long-held beliefs about how this process works, explaining a crucial step in understanding Earth's geological deep processes.

Their work is published in Nature on November 29.

Magmas generated by melting of Earth's mantle rise up below the oceanic crust and erupt on Earth's surface at mid-ocean ridge systems, the longest mountain ranges in the world. When the magma cools it forms basalt, the planet's most-common rock and the basis for oceanic crust.

It has long been assumed that the composition of magmas erupting out of mid-ocean ridges is altered when minerals that form during cooling sink out of the remaining liquid, a process called fractional crystallization. In theory, trace elements that are not included in the crystallizing minerals should be little affected by this process, and their ratios should be the same in the erupting magma as they were in the original magma before cooling. If this is true, trace element ratios in magmas erupting at mid-ocean ridges should represent those of the original parental magma that formed deep in Earth's mantle. However, this process doesn't account for the high abundance of trace elements found in samples of basalt from mid-ocean ridges around the world, so the reality of the situation is obviously more complicated than previous theories indicated.

Using the extensive array of samples and advanced modeling, Jenner and her research partner Hugh O'Neill of the Australian National University demonstrated that the concentration of trace elements is due to the process by which the magma is cycled through the oceanic crust prior to being erupted on the sea floor at the mid-ocean ridges.

Magma collects under Earth's surface in a pool of liquid rock called a magma chamber. Each chamber is frequently flushed with new magma, which mixes with the old magma that was already there, and then this blended magma erupts out onto the ocean floor. Following the influx of new magma and eruption, the remaining magma undergoes fractional crystallization. This means that minerals are separated out from the magma as it cools. However, these minerals contain only minor amounts of the trace elements. As a result, trace elements build up in the magma over time, as the magma chamber is continually replenished by new magma coming in to the system. "It's a simple idea, but it fits remarkably well," Jenner said. "These new findings will permit us to explore the conditions of mantle melting and production of the Earth's most-common rock.".

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Journal Reference:

1. Hugh St C. O?Neill, Frances E. Jenner. The global pattern of trace-element distributions in ocean floor basalts. Nature, 2012; 491 (7426): 698 DOI: 10.1038/nature11678

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/wHc4A6YGjY8/121129130634.htm

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Consumer Reports: Verizon ranked the best major US carrier, AT&T ranked the worst

Nothing much has changed in this year's mobile carrier satisfaction survey from Consumer Reports, with Verizon again being rated the best of the major providers, netting good scores for voice and data service quality, staff knowledge and issue resolution. The other big players also ranked in the same order this time around, with Sprint and T-Mobile following behind Big Red, and AT&T staying in last position. None of the bottom three scored particularly highly, especially in relation to voice service quality, and only four points separated them in the ratings. While AT&T had the worst value and data service quality scores, its LTE network was ranked the best of any carrier, and the least problematic. MVNO Consumer Cellular, which piggybacks on AT&T's network, didn't disappoint after last year's overall first place finish, keeping the top spot and receiving great scores all round. Full results of the survey, which polled 63,253 subscribers, will be available in Consumer Reports' January 2013 issue.

Continue reading Consumer Reports: Verizon ranked the best major US carrier, AT&T ranked the worst

Filed under: Cellphones, Wireless, Mobile, Verizon, Sprint, AT&T, T-Mobile

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/EBxSNSQ3xuA/

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The Future of Marriage and the Wisdom of Tradition

As Sherif Girgis, Robert P. George, and I argue in The Wall Street Journal, the future of marriage is the future of humanity.

Conservatives rightly uphold the institution of marriage between a man and a woman because marriage is the seedbed of society, the necessary precondition for limited self-government.

But not everyone sees it this way. With the Supreme Court expected to decide this week whether to hear challenges to traditional marriage laws, now is the time for citizens to think deeply about the nature and purpose of marriage.

Marriage unites a man and woman holistically?emotionally and bodily, in acts of conjugal love and in the children such love brings forth?for the whole of life.

In the revisionist view of marriage, however, what sets marriage apart from other bonds is emotional intensity?what one philosopher refers to as your ?number one person.? But nothing about emotional union requires it to be permanent. Or limited to two. Or sexual, much less sexually exclusive. Or inherently oriented to family life and shaped by its demands.

As a result, redefining marriage to include same-sex relationships would harm the common good as it obscures the true nature of marriage and thus weakens the marriage culture. Weakening marital norms would hurt children and spouses, especially the poorest among us.

Empty appeals to ?equality? get us nowhere. As my co-authors and I argue:

Every marriage policy draws lines, leaving out some types of relationships. Equality forbids arbitrary line-drawing. But we cannot know which lines are arbitrary without answering two questions: What is marriage, and why does it matter for policy?

The conjugal and revisionist views are two rival answers; neither is morally neutral. Each is supported by some religious and secular worldviews but rejected by others.? So voters must decide: Which view is right?

The best philosophy, theology, sociology, and what G. K. Chesterton called the democracy of the dead?tradition?all suggest that the conjugal view is right.

As we argue in our new book What Is Marriage? Man and Woman: A Defense, marriage is a uniquely comprehensive union. It involves a union of hearts and minds but also a bodily union made possible by sexual complementarity. Marriage is inherently extended and enriched by procreation and family life and objectively calls for similarly all-encompassing commitment, norms of permanence, and exclusivity.

In the op-ed, we detail why conservatives would be ill-advised to abandon support for conjugal marriage even if it hadn?t won more support than Governor Mitt Romney in every state where marriage was on the ballot.

Read our WSJ article here; our book may be ordered here.

Source: http://blog.heritage.org/2012/11/28/the-future-of-marriage-and-the-wisdom-of-tradition/

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Charge the Zombie Review: Run, Don?t Shamble, Towards This iPhone Game

Price: $2.99 ? ? Score: 9/10 ? ? Category: Games

Charge the Zombie is an iPhone game developed by?Pavel Tarabrin?of Synaptic Wave. Your goal: destroy hordes of rampaging zombies that wanna eat you up!

You could be forgiven for thinking that the gameplay in Charge the Zombie would be all about charging into a horde of the undead, but the opposite is actually the case. You stay holed up in your house, and use a lightning rod that?s up on your roof to fry the zombs into a crispy, gooey mess.

Controls are tap-based. A quick tap can send a quick, stunning blast of electricity to the enemy, while holding down on the zombie allows for a longer energy burst that will kill ?em, instead of just knocking them out. You?ll need to strategize the best way to take out the horde, but expect to use both taps and longer blasts to take them all out.

As the game progresses, you will unlock additional weapons. Beyond your lightning strikes, you can also summon earthquakes, land mines, and freezing powers. That?s good news, because the zombies get better equipped as the game goes on, too.

The overall sound design in Charge the Zombie is good. The background music is inoffensive enough, but what really works are the sound effects for the weapons and the zombies. They make a really satisfying plop when they burst open!

If you?ve ever spent a summer evening watching bugs get zapped by the zapper on your front porch, then you?ll love seeing the zombies in this iPhone game get zapped, too. Charge the Zombie is a great time waster with solid controls, fun graphics, and tons of power ups to keep things fresh.

Charge the Zombie?is compatible?with iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. Requires iOS 5.0 or later. This app is optimized for iPhone 5.

Source: http://www.tapscape.com/charge-the-zombie-iphone-game-review/

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Report challenges key Pentagon spending assumption

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - As the U.S. military grappled with budget cuts over the past year, one thing Defense Secretary Leon Panetta made clear was the Pentagon must avoid reductions in training and maintenance that would lower the force's readiness to fight.

But a report released by a Washington think tank on Tuesday challenged that assumption, concluding that a short-term cut in readiness funding could free up cash to develop weapons and equipment needed to be ready in the future.

Several teams of defense experts brought together by the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments to re-envision U.S. defense strategy in a time of tight budgets concluded that a short-term reduction in readiness spending could be done with little risk.

"These teams reasoned that, 'well, we're coming out of a decade of war and frankly our force is very ready," said CSBA fellow Mark Gunzinger, a former deputy assistant secretary of defense and retired Air Force colonel who helped lead the exercise.

Rather than spending to maintain a high state of readiness, the teams reasoned they could reduce readiness spending and invest that money in "modernization programs which will help us be a better prepared force in the future," Gunzinger said.

The finding was one of several made when the CSBA assembled seven teams of defense experts this summer to look at how the Pentagon should address the likelihood of additional budget cuts in the coming years.

The report released on Tuesday is one of a series produced by think tanks following the U.S. elections as Congress returns to Washington looking for ways to avert massive across-the-board spending cuts due to hit defense and other federal programs in early January.

President Barack Obama and Congress agreed last year to cut projected national security spending by $487 billion over the next decade. The Pentagon faces another $500 billion in across-the-board cuts beginning in January unless Congress can agree over the next month on an alternative.

But even if Congress is able to reach a deal to avoid the automatic spending cuts - a process known as sequestration - there is a growing realization in Washington that the Pentagon is likely to face more reductions, possibly as much as the $500 billion envisioned under sequestration.

Panetta has warned that a new round of defense cuts would force the Pentagon to go back to the drawing board and redesign the military strategy adopted earlier this year.

The CSBA exercise asked seven teams of defense experts - including Pentagon civilians, congressional aides and think tank scholars - to do exactly that: to re-envision the strategy approved in January assuming defense spending will be cut by another $519 billion, the amount likely under sequestration.

CSBA scholar Todd Harrison, who also worked on the project, said the most successful team, as recognized by the participants, was the one that looked at what kind of military the United States would need in 20 years and then worked backwards to decide how to achieve that goal.

Harrison said the teams generally agreed with the new U.S. military strategy, which calls for a shift in focus to the Asia-Pacific region. But several thought the Pentagon did not have the right mix of ships, aircraft, weapons and equipment to carry out the strategy, he said.

Many potential U.S. adversaries, like China or Iran, are developing missiles and other weapons aimed at preventing U.S. planes and warships from operating against them at close range. To counter that threat, the United States needs systems that can operate at longer ranges.

To fund development of those systems, some teams called for deep cuts in active duty ground forces, steep reductions in civilian defense personnel and reductions in readiness funding. Most called for reductions in the purchase of F-35 strike fighters, the Pentagon's costliest weapons system.

A majority of the teams emphasized four critical capabilities for the future: special operations forces, cyberspace assets, long-range strike bombers and unmanned aircraft and more submarine and unmanned undersea vehicles.

(Reporting By David Alexander; Editing by Vicki Allen)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/report-challenges-key-pentagon-spending-assumption-015834696.html

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Clock ticks on unclaimed $100M lotto prize in UK

By Ian Johnston, NBC News

Updated at 12:45 p.m. ET: LONDON - The winner of a lottery prize worth more than $100 million will lose the money if the ticket holder does not come forward in the next few days, organizers in the U.K. warned Wednesday.

Under lottery rules, the ?truly amazing? and ?staggering? prize will go to ?good causes? supported by the U.K.?s National Lottery unless it is claimed by 11 p.m. local time (6 p.m. ET) on Wednesday next week, the organizers said in a statement.

?If you play EuroMillions and think you could have the winning ticket, check in the pockets of your clothing, in wallets, bags and down the back of the sofa ? you could literally be sitting on a fortune!? it added.

The ticket for the EuroMillions lottery draw on June 8 was bought in the Stevenage and Hitchen area of England.

The hunt for the winner in the U.K. comes amid growing excitement in the U.S. about the?Powerball jackpot, which is now worth $550 million.

Tonight's historic Powerball jackpot has reached a whopping half-billion dollars and continues to grow. Andrea Canning reports on the frenzy for tickets in New York City.

'There's still hope'
The winning numbers were 5, 11, 22, 34, 40 with the ?lucky stars? 9 and 11.

A spokesman for Camelot, which runs the National Lottery, told NBC News that they were doing their best to publicize the existence of the unclaimed ticket.

$500 million will buy you a lot of ... misery

He said there was initially a publicity campaign in the Stevenage and Hitchen area, but this was now being expanded across the U.K.

The spokesman said they had also taken the campaign to nearby Luton Airport, which offers flights to 90 destinations worldwide, including South Africa, Thailand, Morocco, Spain, Israel, Iceland, India and China ? but not the U.S. or Canada.

11 crazy things more likely to happen than winning Powerball

He said the biggest lost prize in the lottery?s history was more than $14 million, but added that a $4 million prize had been claimed on the last day it was available in 2009.

?While there?s still time, there?s still hope,? he said.

More world stories from NBC News:

Follow World News from NBCNews.com on Twitter and Facebook

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Source: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/11/28/15513542-an-ocean-away-in-uk-time-is-running-out-to-claim-100-million-lottery-prize?lite

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NFL Football Legend: Joe Namath

When NFL football experts, analysts and even opinionated fans begin making lists of the most beloved players to don a professional team's uniform, no accounting would be complete without football legend Joe Namath.

Joseph William Namath stole the football world's heart at the tender age of 19 when he made his debut as Quarterback for the Alabama Crimson Tide. With his bigger than life coach, and football legend in his own right, Paul "Bear" Bryant demanding perfection from his program at every turn, Joe Willie did not disappoint. Together, in 1964, they hoisted the National Championship trophy over their heads and parted ways the upcoming summer when Joe was drafted to the AFL football team, the New York Jets.

The small town kid from Beaver Creek, Pennsylvania was immediately launched into stardom, making good on his magnetic charm, handsome face, and football prowess. What is now commonplace, and entertaining to fans in every media outlet, was once a novelty idea that turned the television world on its head: Athletes in advertising. Promoting products and endorsing brands with a flash of a smile, and a demeanor that even grandmother would love, "Broadway Joe" was born.

Before the NFL football merger in 1970, Broadway Joe had cemented himself as a household name, proving that football wasn't his only calling. With a cockiness that commanded attention, Mr. Namath took his New York Jets to Superbowl III in 1969 against the Baltimore Colts. The Don Shula led Colts were touted as the best NFL football team of all-time leading up to the showdown, but Joe wasn't swayed by their splendor, aptitude, or incredible history-making lineup. Baltimore was heading into the AFL-NFL clash led by their very own football legend, Johnny Unitas and a defense that could stop a freight train, going downhill at maximum speed. Unmoved by the facts and statistics, in his decisive, steadfast and alluring style of interaction with fans, Joe Namath guaranteed a victory over the highly favored Baltimore Colts just three days before they were to face off at the Orange Bowl Stadium in Miami, Florida.

As the first official championship game to bear the name "Superbowl" the Jets/Colts match-up would go down in history, leaving an impressionable mark on all those who have since gathered around their televisions to root their team to the biggest NFL football game of the year. The Jets hardly murdered the Colts, winning 16-7, but they did intercept the legendary, all-American Johnny Unitas four times, which was unheard of during his time at the helm. Broadway Joe ran off the field in victory, with one hand over his head, waving with his index finger in the air, proclaiming silently to all who watched him swagger off in an excited trot that he and his team were officially number one.

The decisive difference between Namath and Unitas was evident in their appearance, without a single word being uttered by either party. Joe was a long-haired kid who flaunted his flair by wearing a full-length mink coat on the sidelines for warmth. Johnny had a crew cut, and played by all of the rules. You were a fan of one or the other at the time, but typically not both. Especially since their teams were mortal enemies going forward. Just beginning his stark projection into stardom, Joe was an NFL legend every second after the clock ticked to zero in that championship game, even though he had only been in the league for four seasons. He was named Superbowl MVP, and became the first football player ever to win a championship in both the NFL and college.

Before he could even begin training camp exercises in the spring to prepare and defend his promised and delivered title, Joe was wooed into the bright lights, sounds and splendor of Hollywood. Outside of his iconic commercials in the late 1960s, and his acclaimed football career to match, his celebrity status emanated on screen while appearing in movies, popular television programs and while taking the guest chair in the late night hilarity that was The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Even if you had not watched a single football game in your life, you knew who Broadway Joe was, and you loved him. Well, unless you were a Colts fan.

Joe Namath would spend the next seven seasons charming New Yorkers with his low-cut white cleats, fancy footwork and strong arm. He racked up numerous AFL all-star selections, as well as a Pro-bowl and All-pro appearance. He was named to the AFL All-time team, was AFL MVP twice, adding an AFL championship, and a Superbowl championship to his resume. The latter is still the only championship title his beloved New York Jets can claim to date. He left New York to play one last year with the Los Angeles Rams, and had his faithful #12 jersey retired by Gang Green as soon as he did. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985, and still spends his days wondering through the Jets' training camp in the spring. He is engraved in the hearts of so many, thanks to his playing days, and his whimsical smile that could make a blind man blush. Joe Namath's love of the game, dashing personality and exceptional good looks helped turn a divided, part-time entertainment source into a single NFL football league. A league that now represents a full time engagement for men, women and children around the world, and for that we should all be thankful.

Steven Ircha is the Senior Managing Director of Aegis Capital where he helps individuals and institutions manage their investments. He lives in Bronxville NY with his wife and five children. Steven attended NYU, Brooklyn Law School and the Harvard Business School. He is also the assistant Scoutmaster of Bronxville Troop 5 and the Friends of Scouting Chair for the Westchester Putnam Council Boy Scouts of America. He frequently watches Jet's games with his brother-in-law,Woody Johnson,owner of the New York Jet's football team. To contact Steven, please call 914-361-1099 or email him at ircha@yahoo.com.

Source: http://ezinearticles.com/7398155

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HealthWatch: Cal Athlete's Cancer Battle Inspires Cross-Country Run

Kelcey Harrison and Jill Costello on their way to a birthday party during the summer of 2008. (Kelcey Harrison)

BERKELEY (CBS 5) ? A Bay Area athlete?s battle with lung cancer has inspired a unique journey to raise awareness and funds to combat the disease.

Nearly 57,000 people in California will die from cancer this year ? about one in four will be killed by lung cancer, more than breast prostate and colon cancers combined.

In 2010, one of those victims was Jill Costello, a recent Cal grad who had been named Pac-10 athlete of the year while leading the varsity 8 crew boat to second place at nationals. During that senior year, the 21-year-old coxswain was battling stage-4 non-small cell adenocarcinoma, the type of lung cancer usually found in non-smokers, and the most common form found in women.

?She wasn?t going to let it beat her down. She would go from chemo to practice in the rain,? said Jill?s dad, Jim Costello.

That effort pushed her teammates to dig deeper.

?When she says to the team, ?you need to be a little tougher here,? you know, for it to be coming from her, who is battling for her life, quite literally, it really had a profound effect,? said Berkeley Women?s Rowing Coach Dave O?Neill.

Jill earned a 4.0 GPA in her senior year, and graduated with pride, wearing her Pac-10 medal and a blond wig. She died five weeks later in June of 2010, at 22-years-old.

Now her journey is inspiring her childhood friend as she goes the extra mile searching for a cure.

Kelcey Harrison, a soccer player and Harvard graduate, is running from New York to San Francisco to raise money for and awareness about the need for lung cancer research.

Harrison?s Great Lung Run began in Times Square this summer, and requires about 30 miles a day on the run. Eight million people are following the journey, which is set conclude with a crossing of the Golden Gate Bridge this Saturday, December 1st. The date happens to be Jill?s 25th birthday.

Some eight million people are tracking Kelcey Harrison?s journey. It?s a legacy Jill?s parents are proud of.

?She?s like this little pebble thrown in a pond, but these ripples are just growing?and I think that they will eventually accomplish her mission. I think there will be a cure,? said Mary Costello.

Click here to follow The Great Lung Run, or donate to the cause through via Jill?s Legacy.

(Copyright 2012 by CBS San Francisco. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.)

Source: http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2012/11/27/healthwatch-cal-athletes-cancer-battle-inspires-cross-country-run/

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Saturn's Second 'Pac-Man' Moon Revealed in NASA Photos

New images from a NASA spacecraft orbiting Saturn have revealed a view any retro-gamer would love: a second moon with a heat tattoo of the 1980s video game icon Pac-Man.

The latest images were snapped by NASA's Cassini spacecraft during a photo session of Saturn's icy moon Tethys, revealing an infrared pattern on the moon shaped like Pac-Man.?It is the second time Cassini has found a Pac-Man heat pattern on a Saturn moon using its infrared spectrometer. In 2010, the spacecraft found a similar view on Saturn's moon Mimas, which is also known for a giant impact crater that gives it a similar look to the fictional Death Star of "Star Wars" fame.

"Finding a second Pac-Man in the Saturn system tells us the processes creating these Pac-Men are more widespread than previously thought," study leader Carly Howett said in a statement Monday (Nov. 26). "The Saturn system ? and even the Jupiter system ? could turn out to be a veritable arcade of these characters." [Amazing Saturn Photos by Cassini]

Scientists suspect that the Pac-Man shapes on Mimas and Tethys are created when high-energy electrons slam into low latitudes on the forward-facing sides of the moons as they orbit Saturn.

This bombardment transforms the normally "fluffy" surface into hard-packed ice, NASA officials said. The effect means that the hard-packed ice does not heat up as fast during the day or cool down as fast at night, they added. ?

The surface of Tethys is also regularly bombarded by icy particles from geysers on Enceladus, another Saturn moon. The Pac-Man heat signature on Tethys, however, suggests that the surface changes from electron bombardment are occurring faster than the recoating effect from Enceladus' plumes, researchers said.

"Studies at infrared wavelengths give us a tremendous amount of information about the processes that shape planets and moons," Cassini spectrometer principal investigator Mike Flasar of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., explained. "A result like this underscores just how powerful these observations are."

Cassini's infrared spectrometer observations were obtained on Sept. 14, 2011. The research by Howett and her team is detailed in a recent edition of the science journal Icarus.

Howett and her colleagues found that the temperature on Tethys' surface varied depending on where in the Pac-Man they looked. The daytime temperature inside the Pac-Man shape's "mouth" was about 29 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 1.6 degrees Celsius) cooler than surrounding areas. The warmest temperature on Tethys, still a frigid minus 300 degrees F (minus 184 degrees C), was actually slightly colder than the warmest temperature on Mimas (about minus 290 degrees F or minus 178 degrees C).

Cassini's views of Tethys also confirmed that the Pac-Man heat map on the moon can also be spotted in visible-light images as a dark, lens-shaped area. The surface oddity was first sighted by NASA's Voyager spacecraft in 1980, but now finally explained.

"Finding a new Pac-Man demonstrates the diversity of processes at work in the Saturn system," said Cassini project scientist Linda Spilker of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "Future Cassini observations may reveal other new phenomena that will surprise us and help us better understand the evolution of moons in the Saturn system and beyond."

NASA's Cassini spacecraft launched in 1997 and has been orbiting Saturn since its arrival at the ringed planet in 2004. Cassini is currently in the midst of an extended mission that runs through 2017.

Follow SPACE.com on Twitter?@Spacedotcom. We're also on Facebook?&?Google+.?

Copyright 2012 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/saturns-second-pac-man-moon-revealed-nasa-photos-145725208.html

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